UK VAT Calculator (Add & Remove 20% VAT) (2026)
Calculate UK Value Added Tax (VAT). Add or remove standard 20%, reduced 5%, or custom VAT rates from net and gross amounts instantly.
United Kingdom Calculator
Adjust Your Inputs
Move the sliders or type exact numbers. Results update instantly.
Instant Estimate
Your Results
VAT Amount
£20
Based on your selected vat calculator uk assumptions. Try different sliders to compare scenarios.
Gross Amount (Inc VAT)
£120
Net Amount (Exc VAT)
£100
These are planning estimates, not tax, legal or investment advice. Country rules, lender policies and tax rates can change.
How to Use the VAT Calculator UK
Enter your amount
Input the net price (before VAT) or gross price (including VAT).
Select calculation mode
Choose "Add VAT" to find gross price from net, or "Remove VAT" to find net price from gross.
Choose VAT rate
Select standard 20%, reduced 5% (domestic energy, child safety), or zero 0%.
Formula & Calculation Methodology
Add VAT: Gross = Net × (1 + Rate) | Remove VAT: Net = Gross / (1 + Rate)This calculator uses standard United Kingdom financial formulas, IRS thresholds, and amortization schedules. All results compute instantly in your browser with zero data stored or transmitted.
Calculation Examples & Scenarios
Adding Standard 20% VAT to Invoiced Services
GBP 500 net consulting fee, 20% standard UK VAT.
Removing 20% VAT from Retail Receipt
GBP 120 gross retail price, standard UK VAT rate.
Reduced 5% Rate on Domestic Fuel
GBP 250 net domestic utility bill, 5% reduced VAT.
Key Benefits
- Instantly calculates forward and reverse VAT for HMRC invoicing
- Prevents costly rounding errors on quarterly Making Tax Digital (MTD) VAT returns
- Supports standard 20%, reduced 5%, and zero-rated VAT calculations
Common Use Cases
- VAT-registered sole traders and limited companies issuing customer invoices
- Small businesses separating input VAT on expense receipts for quarterly claims
- Consumers verifying VAT breakdowns on high-value retail purchases
Understanding UK VAT Rates and Rules
Value Added Tax (VAT) is the primary consumption tax in the United Kingdom, administered by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). The standard rate of 20% applies to the vast majority of commercial goods and services in England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.
Businesses with a taxable turnover exceeding £90,000 in any rolling 12-month period must register for VAT with HMRC and submit digital returns under Making Tax Digital (MTD) regulations.
How to Reverse Calculate 20% UK VAT
A frequent business error is attempting to remove 20% VAT by simply subtracting 20% from the gross total. To remove VAT correctly, divide the gross total by 1.20 (or multiply by 5/6). The difference between the gross total and this calculated net figure represents the exact HMRC VAT component.
Frequently Asked Questions
The standard UK VAT rate is 20%. Most goods and services in England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland are subject to standard 20% VAT.
Multiply the net pre-VAT price by 0.20 to find the VAT amount, or multiply by 1.20 to calculate the gross total including VAT.
To remove VAT from a gross price, divide the total by 1.20 (or multiply by 5/6). The difference between the gross total and the result is the VAT component.
The 5% reduced rate applies to domestic fuel and power, child car safety seats, energy-saving materials, and smoking cessation products.
UK businesses must register for VAT with HMRC if their taxable turnover exceeds £90,000 in any 12-month rolling period.
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Related United Kingdom Guides
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